Altaic etymology : Query result

Proto-Altaic: *ińo

Meaning: to laugh

Russian meaning: смеяться

Mongolian: *(h)inije-

Tungus-Manchu: *ińe-

Korean: *ūń-

Comments: EAS 114, KW 208, Poppe 70, Robbeets 2000, 111. Mong., with a strange reflex of *h- in Southern dialects (opposed to 0- in MMong.) may in fact reflect a contamination: cf. Evk. heŋne- 'to laugh' (see under *p`éŋi). In any case, despite Doerfer MT 23, the TM root is hardly < Mong.

Proto-Altaic: *íŋo

Meaning: to neigh

Russian meaning: ржать

Turkic: *ɨŋɨra-

Mongolian: *iŋča-

Tungus-Manchu: *iŋi-

Japanese: *íná-nak-

Comments: An expressive root, but quite regular and doubtlessly common.

Proto-Altaic: *iŋV

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: shallow place

Russian meaning: отмель

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)iŋā

Korean: *jǝ̄ ( < *i'ǝ)

Japanese: *ía

Comments: See SKE 76. An Eastern isogloss; the Jpn. form presupposes *iŋ(V)-gV, with further contraction.

Proto-Altaic: *ipa ( ~ -b-)

Meaning: shell

Russian meaning: раковина

Mongolian: *(h)ibawu

Tungus-Manchu: *ibu-kta ( ~ *igu-kta)

Japanese: *apampi

Comments: Cf. also OJ ebi 'shrimp, shellfish' - perhaps an old dialectal variant of the same root.

Proto-Altaic: *ipe ( ~ i̯a-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: cold, winter

Russian meaning: холод, зима

Mongolian: *ebül

Tungus-Manchu: *ibaksa

Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *ip`i (~-p-,-e)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: mouth; to say

Russian meaning: рот; сказать, говорить

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)ipke-

Korean: *íp

Japanese: *íp-

Comments: Martin 249, АПиПЯЯ 111, 277. An Eastern isogloss (but cf. perhaps Mong. abija(n) (L 4), Khalkha av́a, Bur. ab́a 'sound' ( < *ibaja ?); on a possible Turkic parallel see under *ŏ́t`è); seems reliable, despite a tonal discrepancy between Kor. and Jpn.

Proto-Altaic: *ire

Meaning: to melt

Russian meaning: таять

Turkic: *ẹri-

Tungus-Manchu: *irū-

Comments: A Turk.-Tung. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *ìri ( ~ *e-)

Meaning: to rot, pus, be sick

Russian meaning: гнить, гной, болеть

Turkic: *iri-

Mongolian: *(h)ereke-

Japanese: *ìtà-

Comments: KW 125.

Proto-Altaic: *íru

Meaning: song

Russian meaning: песня

Turkic: *ɨr

Mongolian: *ira-ɣu

Tungus-Manchu: *ir-ke-

Korean: *ɨrp-

Japanese: *útá

Comments: Mong. may be < Turk. (cf. Karakh. jɨraɣu 'singer', see TMN 4, 242, Щербак 1997, 164). Note also PJ *útá-p- 'sing' = Kor. *ɨr-p-.

Proto-Altaic: *ìsú

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to crush, grind; bite

Russian meaning: ломать, размалывать; кусать

Turkic: *ɨsɨr-

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)ise-

Korean: *ɨsɨr-

Japanese: *ùsú

Comments: SKE 73 (Kor.-Tung.), АПиПЯЯ 281.

Proto-Altaic: *isV

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to pinch, pluck out

Russian meaning: выщипывать, выдергивать

Turkic: *iske-

Tungus-Manchu: *is-

Comments: A Tung.-Turk. isogloss; not quite reliable because the Turkic form may reflect a contamination with *p`i̯úsa q. v.

Proto-Altaic: *ite ( ~ *eti)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to eat

Russian meaning: есть

Turkic: *et-mek

Mongolian: *ide-

Comments: A Turkic-Mong. isogloss, but no doubt archaic: a Nostratic etymology see in МССНЯ 340, ОСНЯ 1, 273-4.

Proto-Altaic: *ìtí

Meaning: board

Russian meaning: доска

Mongolian: *(h)ideɣür

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)ite

Japanese: *ìtá

Comments: The Mong. reflex is somewhat dubious (because of a secondary merger with *ide- 'eat, feed'), but the Tung.-Jpn. match still seems reliable.

Proto-Altaic: *ĭ̀t`á

Meaning: to rely, trust, take upon oneself

Russian meaning: доверять, полагаться, брать на себя

Mongolian: *itege-

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)iti

Japanese: *àntùkàr-

Comments: The root should be kept distinct from *ḗt`a, although they tend to be confused.

Proto-Altaic: *ìt`ù

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to hit, push

Russian meaning: бить, толкать

Turkic: *it-

Mongolian: *ete-

Japanese: *ùt-

Comments: Cf. perhaps Evn. ịtъ̣ŋ- 'to flounce, thrash about' (ТМС 1, 333).

Proto-Altaic: *it`VKV

Meaning: a k. of (big) bird

Russian meaning: вид крупной птицы

Mongolian: *it-

Tungus-Manchu: *itiknija

Comments: A Mong.-Tung. isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *i̯ắbò

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: {rage, anger}

Russian meaning: {гнев, ярость}

Turkic: *(i)ăba

Mongolian: *(h)öɣe ~ *(h)eɣö

Tungus-Manchu: *ub(u)-

Japanese: *ámpárá-

Proto-Altaic: *i̯agu ( ~ *i̯oga)

Meaning: hips, space between hips

Russian meaning: ляжки, место между ляжками

Turkic: *(i)ag

Mongolian: *aɣarčak

Tungus-Manchu: *oga

Comments: A Western isogloss.

Proto-Altaic: *i̯àk`ì ( ~ -k-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: liquid, flow

Russian meaning: жидкость, течь

Turkic: *iak-

Tungus-Manchu: *iaKu

Japanese: *ìkà-i

Comments: Мудрак Дисс. 196.

Proto-Altaic: *i̯áĺa

Meaning: female; to seduce, to frolic

Russian meaning: женщина; соблазнять, проказничать

Turkic: *eĺi

Korean: *ǝ̀r'ù-

Japanese: *ásuámp-

Comments: ? Cf. Evk. ilu 'pregnant' (ТМС 1, 311).